Principles Of Marketing

This slide showcases marketing activities that can help organization to promote products during and after dual branding campaign. Key promotional activities are retail store marketing, website marketing, PPC advertisement and billboard ads. Crafting an eye catching presentation has never been more straightforward. Let your presentation shine with this tasteful yet straightforward Marketing Activities To Promote Products Multi Brand Promotion Campaign For Customer Engagement Elements PDF template. It offers a minimalistic and classy look that is great for making a statement. The colors have been employed intelligently to add a bit of playfulness while still remaining professional. Construct the ideal Marketing Activities To Promote Products Multi Brand Promotion Campaign For Customer Engagement Elements PDF that effortlessly grabs the attention of your audience Begin now and be certain to wow your customers.

This slide represents major marketing strategies used for promotion in shopping malls. It covers online marketing, offline marketing, holiday and seasonal marketing. Explore a selection of the finest Marketing Strategies To Advertise Shopping Center Ppt PowerPoint Presentation File Outline PDF here. With a plethora of professionally designed and pre made slide templates, you can quickly and easily find the right one for your upcoming presentation. You can use our Marketing Strategies To Advertise Shopping Center Ppt PowerPoint Presentation File Outline PDF to effectively convey your message to a wider audience. Slidegeeks has done a lot of research before preparing these presentation templates. The content can be personalized and the slides are highly editable. Grab templates today from Slidegeeks.

Presenting this set of slides with name guide for managers to effectively handle products promotions marketing ppt outline slides pdf. This is a four stage process. The stages in this process are marketing, offers, public relations, social media, promotion. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

Presenting this set of slides with name automatically controlling process timeline for implementing marketing automation in our company formats pdf. This is a six stage process. The stages in this process are goals, marketing, automation, budget, evaluation. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

This slide signifies the various methods and techniques of marketing analysis to enhance customer engagement. It includes stages like competitors analysis, business environment, market trends, customer segmentation, going forward strategy. Persuade your audience using this Various Techniques And Methods Of Marketing Evaluation Ppt Infographics Visuals PDF. This PPT design covers seven stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including Going Forward Strategy, Competitor Analysis, Business Environment, Market Trends. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

Presenting this set of slides with name automatically controlling process marketing automation impact on customer performance inspiration pdf. The topics discussed in these slide is marketing automation impact on customer performance. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

Knock On The Door To Success With Our Strategy Diagram Many To One Arrow Process 6 Stages 12 Marketing Diagram Powerpoint Templates. Be Assured Of Gaining Entry.

Knock On The Door To Success With Our MBA models and frameworks One Many Process Arrow 8 Stages Marketing Diagram Powerpoint Templates. Be Assured Of Gaining Entry.

This slide provides information regarding the assessment of various initiatives taken by firm in order to ensure benefits to influencer associated to marketing campaign. Deliver an awe inspiring pitch with this creative improving brand awareness through wom marketing addressing initiatives for ensuring infographics pdf bundle. Topics like addressing initiatives for ensuring influencer benefitted by marketing campaign can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

Presenting four stages of global marketing process ppt powerpoint presentation file styles pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises four stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including seek business strategy, partnering up, product deployment, plan for market expansion. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

This is a effective advertising and sales management marketing reach by channels ppt model icons pdf template with various stages. Focus and dispense information on ten stages using this creative set, that comes with editable features. It contains large content boxes to add your information on topics like online marketing, social media, seo, email, ppc, affiliates, offline marketing, target audience, events, print ads, sponsorships, radio. You can also showcase facts, figures, and other relevant content using this PPT layout. Grab it now.

This slide showcases strategic mass advertising action plan to enhance brand positioning and increase market share. It provides details such as goals, marketing strategies, KPIs, distribution channels and time duration. Showcasing this set of slides titled Strategic Overall Marketing Action Plan To Improve Brand Positioning Icons PDF. The topics addressed in these templates are Distribution Channel, Time Duration. All the content presented in this PPT design is completely editable. Download it and make adjustments in color, background, font etc. as per your unique business setting.

Presenting three elements of business marketing strategy ppt powerpoint presentation styles pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises three stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including sales, human resources, marketing. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

This slide covers the retail marketing strategies to increase sales by creating impressive storefronts, remarketing and understanding market trends and patterns to improve foot traffic, ensure repetitive buyer behaviour, etc. This is a Retail Merchandising Program Retail Marketing Strategies To Increase Sales Ideas PDF template with various stages. Focus and dispense information on three stages using this creative set, that comes with editable features. It contains large content boxes to add your information on topics like Create Impressive Storefronts, Remarketing, Understand Market. You can also showcase facts, figures, and other relevant content using this PPT layout. Grab it now.

This slide shows some disadvantages of implementing Offline Marketing Strategy in the company. Presenting disadvantages of offline marketing strategies categories of offline promotion methods inspiration pdf to provide visual cues and insights. Share and navigate important information on four stages that need your due attention. This template can be used to pitch topics like strategy, marketing, network, investment, requires. In addtion, this PPT design contains high resolution images, graphics, etc, that are easily editable and available for immediate download.

This is a Agenda For Marketing Manual For Product Promotion On Youtube Channel Designs PDF template with various stages. Focus and dispense information on five stages using this creative set, that comes with editable features. It contains large content boxes to add your information on topics like Formulate Structured, Digital Marketing, Marketing Channels. You can also showcase facts, figures, and other relevant content using this PPT layout. Grab it now.

The following slide highlights the different types of marketing techniques for service promotion. It highlights the personal selling, digital promotion, public relations, sponsorships, sales promotion, digital marketing and advertising. Persuade your audience using this Different Types Of Marketing Techniques For Services Promotional Campaign Elements PDF. This PPT design covers seven stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including Digital Promotion, Advertising, Digital Marketing. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

This slide showcases roles and responsibilities for conducting field marketing activities like, direct selling, in store promotions etc. Key roles for field marketing are field marketing manager, field marketing associate and field salesman. Explore a selection of the finest Field Marketing Strategies To Boost Product Sales Roles And Responsibilities Introduction PDF here. With a plethora of professionally designed and pre made slide templates, you can quickly and easily find the right one for your upcoming presentation. You can use our Field Marketing Strategies To Boost Product Sales Roles And Responsibilities Introduction PDF to effectively convey your message to a wider audience. Slidegeeks has done a lot of research before preparing these presentation templates. The content can be personalized and the slides are highly editable. Grab templates today from Slidegeeks.

This slide represents roles of shopper marketing strategy and how it influences customers to make a purchase decision. It includes brand marketing, trade marketing and after-sale marketing. Here you can discover an assortment of the finest PowerPoint and Google Slides templates. With these templates, you can create presentations for a variety of purposes while simultaneously providing your audience with an eye-catching visual experience. Download Role Of Shopper Marketing Strategy In Customer Buying Optimizing Customer Purchase Experience By Executing Slides PDF to deliver an impeccable presentation. These templates will make your job of preparing presentations much quicker, yet still, maintain a high level of quality. Slidegeeks has experienced researchers who prepare these templates and write high-quality content for you. Later on, you can personalize the content by editing the Role Of Shopper Marketing Strategy In Customer Buying Optimizing Customer Purchase Experience By Executing Slides PDF.

Presenting various methods for effective food marketing strategy ppt infographics diagrams pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises five stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including distribution channels, market share, long term objectives, social media, wholesalers. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

This slide shows aspects to create partner relationship management PRM marketing plan to reach target audience and to enhance market value. It include three elements target audiences, goals and analyze the competition. Presenting Aspects Of Partner Relationship Management Marketing Strategy Ppt PowerPoint Presentation File Diagrams PDF to dispense important information. This template comprises three stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including Target Audiences, Goals, Analyze The Competition. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

This slide showcases the small budget for different marketing activities. It includes activities such as SEO, paid advertisements, E-mail marketing and high-quality content. There are so many reasons you need a Guide Developing Strategies Improve Travel Tourism Marketing Reasonable Budget For Various Guidelines PDF. The first reason is you can not spend time making everything from scratch, Thus, Slidegeeks has made presentation templates for you too. You can easily download these templates from our website easily.

This slide provides information regarding the various marketing challenges faced by channel vendors such as delivering consistent brand experience, lack of resources and expertise, unable in tracking marketing performance. Presenting partner advertisement strategy various marketing challenges as faced by channel vendors rules pdf to provide visual cues and insights. Share and navigate important information on three stages that need your due attention. This template can be used to pitch topics like resources, marketing performance, brand experience. In addition, this PPT design contains high-resolution images, graphics, etc, that are easily editable and available for immediate download.

Presenting this set of slides with name 7cs of content marketing curation collaboration consistency ppt powerpoint presentation outline rules. This is a seven stage process. The stages in this process are digital content, web marketing, content management. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

Presenting 12 stages for creating marketing development strategy in circular layout ppt infographics outline pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises twelve stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including marketing, development, strategy. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

Presenting nine bullet graphics for location based marketing tactics ppt powerpoint presentation outline professional pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises nine stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including nine bullet graphics for location based marketing tactics. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

Presenting various types of marketing strategies used in organization ppt powerpoint presentation model tips pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises nine stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including website, content development, traditional advertising, online advertising, social, mobile advertising and applications, search mail marketing, direct mail marketing, event, conference. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

The following slide displays social media focused marketing strategy as a marketing tool for organization, as it provides an overview of the entire strategic process along with key platforms that organization can use Presenting social video advertising playbook social media focused marketing strategy ppt outline demonstration to provide visual cues and insights. Share and navigate important information on four stages that need your due attention. This template can be used to pitch topics like social media focused marketing strategy. In addtion, this PPT design contains high resolution images, graphics, etc, that are easily editable and available for immediate download.

This slide signifies the market analysis methods and techniques for to increase corporate revenue. It cover information about market share, segment, competitors and size. Presenting Techniques And Methods For Marketing Evaluation To Enhance Organisation Revenue Ppt Icon PDF to dispense important information. This template comprises four stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including Market Share, Market Size, Competitors, Market Segment. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

This slide will help firm in choosing the suitable automated marketing platform in order to improve marketing effectiveness by analyzing them on several parameters and associated cost. Deliver and pitch your topic in the best possible manner with this strategies to improve marketing competency of business selecting suitable automated ideas pdf. Use them to share invaluable insights on rule based, content publishing, business intelligence and impress your audience. This template can be altered and modified as per your expectations. So, grab it now.

Purpose of the following slide is to show the marketing strategy Gantt of the origination as it displays the various tools of both online and offline marketing of the organization along with the dates on which these strategies were executed on Deliver and pitch your topic in the best possible manner with this improving brand recognition with message and differentiation strategy one page marketing strategy themes pdf. Use them to share invaluable insights on one page marketing strategy and impress your audience. This template can be altered and modified as per your expectations. So, grab it now.

This slide shows the coaching schedule of members in marketing team. It includes details such as session, timings, training topics, and major points covered etc. Deliver an awe inspiring pitch with this creative upskill training for employee performance improvement employee coaching schedule for marketing team designs pdf bundle. Topics like employee coaching schedule for marketing team can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

This slide shows some disadvantages of implementing Offline Marketing Strategy in the company. Presenting using offline marketing approaches to improve customer engagement and organic traffic disadvantages template pdf to provide visual cues and insights. Share and navigate important information on four stages that need your due attention. This template can be used to pitch topics like disadvantages of offline marketing strategies. In addtion, this PPT design contains high resolution images, graphics, etc, that are easily editable and available for immediate download.

This slide provides information regarding the investment the firm has to make in order to enhance customer marketing experience. Deliver an awe inspiring pitch with this creative strategies to improve marketing competency of business firm investment in enhancing icons pdf bundle. Topics like firm investment in enhancing marketing experience can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

The slide provides information regarding the impact of the successful implementation of effective marketing tactics. Deliver and pitch your topic in the best possible manner with this strategies to improve marketing competency of business impact of implementing effective professional pdf Use them to share invaluable insights on impact of implementing effective marketing tactics and impress your audience. This template can be altered and modified as per your expectations. So, grab it now.

This is a Table Of Contents For Implementing Video Marketing Strategies To Improve Sales Conversion Rate Contd Topics PDF template with various stages. Focus and dispense information on five stages using this creative set, that comes with editable features. It contains large content boxes to add your information on topics like Video Marketing, Business Performance, Marketing Strategy. You can also showcase facts, figures, and other relevant content using this PPT layout. Grab it now.

Persuade your audience using this list of online marketing services with ppc ppt powerpoint presentation file model pdf. This PPT design covers eight stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including content promotion, affiliate marketing, email marketing. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

The following slide exhibits marketing mix framework to successfully market product or service among target audience. It highlights components such as product, price, place and promotion. Do you have to make sure that everyone on your team knows about any specific topic I yes, then you should give Strategic Promotion Plan Development Stages Key Elements In 4Ps Of Marketing Mix Rules PDF a try. Our experts have put a lot of knowledge and effort into creating this impeccable Strategic Promotion Plan Development Stages Key Elements In 4Ps Of Marketing Mix Rules PDF. You can use this template for your upcoming presentations, as the slides are perfect to represent even the tiniest detail. You can download these templates from the Slidegeeks website and these are easy to edit. So grab these today.

Presenting this set of slides with name marketing strategy solutions with b2b social media ppt powerpoint presentation layouts layout ideas. This is a five stage process. The stages in this process are strategy and planning, branding and rebranding, content creation, b2b social media, digital marketing, seo, email, marketing strategy, content, website, links. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

This slide provides information regarding the marketing mix utilized by amazon to enable competitiveness and international growth. The firm caters strategies and initiatives to connect with target market in terms of advertising, sales promotions, etc. Explore a selection of the finest Marketing Mix Approach To Attain Consumers Promotion Ppt PowerPoint Presentation File Diagrams PDF here. With a plethora of professionally designed and pre made slide templates, you can quickly and easily find the right one for your upcoming presentation. You can use our Marketing Mix Approach To Attain Consumers Promotion Ppt PowerPoint Presentation File Diagrams PDF to effectively convey your message to a wider audience. Slidegeeks has done a lot of research before preparing these presentation templates. The content can be personalized and the slides are highly editable. Grab templates today from Slidegeeks.

Purpose of this slide is to address the effectiveness of adopting content marketing through various statistics. Statistics covers information related to conversion rate, ROI, demand generation etc.This is a Promotion Playbook For Content Development How Content Marketing Brings Value To Businesses Rules PDF template with various stages. Focus and dispense information on six stages using this creative set, that comes with editable features. It contains large content boxes to add your information on topics like Educates Generates, Content Marketing, Marketing Adopters. You can also showcase facts, figures, and other relevant content using this PPT layout. Grab it now.

Presenting public relation stages for successful marketing plan ppt powerpoint presentation summary elements pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises six stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including review previous year, review target audience, establish new goals, make strategy to achieve goals, write out marketing strategy, put marketing strategy into action. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

This slide provides information regarding B2B marketing activities dashboard catering KPIs related to campaign ROI, email, engagement, etc. Deliver an awe inspiring pitch with this creative enhancing b2b demand creation and sales growth determine b2b marketing activities dashboard elements pdf bundle. Topics like marketing highlights, engagement highlights, performing campaign, cost can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

This slide provides information regarding determining different value dimensions associated to marketing and retail infrastructure such as functional, cost related, emotional, social and altruistic.Deliver an awe-inspiring pitch with this creative transforming physical retail outlet determine value dimensions in marketing and retail infrastructure elements pdf bundle. Topics like retail perspective, marketing perspective, efficiency determines perceived price, optimum interactions with employees can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

This slide focuses on the challenges faced by E-marketing agencies which includes generating traffic and leads, securing enough budget, identify right technologies, etc. Deliver an awe inspiring pitch with this creative Electronic Commerce Systems Challenges Faced By E Marketing Agencies Rules PDF bundle. Topics like Biggest Challenge, Generating Organic, E Marketing Strategies can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

This slide covers various digital marketing techniques for connecting with potential customers for brand promotion. The included marketing channels are email, social media, paid media, SEO, and affiliate marketing. From laying roadmaps to briefing everything in detail, our templates are perfect for you. You can set the stage with your presentation slides. All you have to do is download these easy-to-edit and customizable templates. Techniques For Enhancing Buyer Acquisition Online Marketing Strategies For Improving Customer Mockup PDF will help you deliver an outstanding performance that everyone would remember and praise you for. Do download this presentation today.

This slide provides information regarding sales workforce training for performance improvement in terms of product or service training, market insights understanding, job role clarification. It caters basic and advanced level training program for sales, marketing, account management representatives. This is a marketing playbook to maximize roi sales workforce training for performance improvement contd inspiration pdf template with various stages. Focus and dispense information on three stages using this creative set, that comes with editable features. It contains large content boxes to add your information on topics like sales workforce training for performance improvement. You can also showcase facts, figures, and other relevant content using this PPT layout. Grab it now.

This slide provides the glimpse about the regional marketing budget expenses for different regions which focuses on advertisement design, magazine Ad, tradeshow, etc. Deliver an awe inspiring pitch with this creative strategy for regional economic progress outlining regional marketing expense budget sample pdf bundle. Topics like regional marketing expense budget can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

This slide provides information regarding sales workforce training for performance improvement in terms of product or service training, market insights understanding, job role clarification. It caters basic and advanced level training program for sales, marketing, account management representatives. Deliver an awe inspiring pitch with this creative marketing playbook to maximize roi sales workforce training for performance improvement demonstration pdf bundle. Topics like training module, basic program, advanced program can be discussed with this completely editable template. It is available for immediate download depending on the needs and requirements of the user.

Presenting this set of slides with name client reference with offline and online marketing ppt powerpoint presentation gallery shapes pdf. This is a six stage process. The stages in this process are organising events, online marketing, offline marketing, peer to peer communication, web integration, brochures, reference cases, crp booklets and advertorials, roll up banners, reference videos and presentations. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. Download now and impress your audience.

Persuade your audience using this successful marketing methods with social media and pr ppt powerpoint presentation gallery deck pdf. This PPT design covers eight stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including online pr, online partnership, offline communication, social media marketing, opt in e mail, interactive ads, offline communications, search marketing. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

Persuade your audience using this ecosystem plan of online marketing ppt powerpoint presentation professional structure pdf. This PPT design covers three stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including target marketing, social media, email marketing, online publicity, crowd funding, pinterest, seo. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

Presenting key statistics of marketing communicate the value ppt powerpoint presentation layouts maker pdf to provide visual cues and insights. Share and navigate important information on two stages that need your due attention. This template can be used to pitch topics like designing and managing, integrated marketing, communications, marketing reach channels. In addition, this PPT design contains high-resolution images, graphics, etc, that are easily editable and available for immediate download.

Persuade your audience using this online customer engagement with social media marketing ppt powerpoint presentation file infographics pdf. This PPT design covers six stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including social medial marketing, interactive ads, search marketing. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

Persuade your audience using this business marketing plan with sales orientation ppt portfolio design templates pdf. This PPT design covers six stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including marketing orientation, societal marketing, production orientation, product orientation, sales orientation. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

This is a developing marketing strategies content business analysis method ppt professional designs pdf template with various stages. Focus and dispense information on six stages using this creative set, that comes with editable features. It contains large content boxes to add your information on topics like campaign, social media, digital technologies, content marketing, email marketing. You can also showcase facts, figures, and other relevant content using this PPT layout. Grab it now.

Mentioned slide focuses on the CRM marketing solution with customer experience integration and customer intelligence for management. Presenting customer relationship management marketing solution with customer experience integration sample pdf to dispense important information. This template comprises three stages. It also presents valuable insights into the topics including marketing, sales, customer service. This is a completely customizable PowerPoint theme that can be put to use immediately. So, download it and address the topic impactfully.

This slide represents overview of marketing used by big brands to attract more consumers and by small businesses to gain more visibility. It includes details related to types of influencer marketing such as social media takeover, affiliate marketing and brand ambassador programs. Do you have an important presentation coming up Are you looking for something that will make your presentation stand out from the rest Look no further than Comprehensive Influencer Promotional Guide To Improve Brand Reputation Understanding Influencer Marketing Sample PDF. With our professional designs, you can trust that your presentation will pop and make delivering it a smooth process. And with Slidegeeks, you can trust that your presentation will be unique and memorable. So why wait Grab Comprehensive Influencer Promotional Guide To Improve Brand Reputation Understanding Influencer Marketing Sample PDF today and make your presentation stand out from the rest.

This slide include best Partner relation management PRM marketing practices to boost product sales and increase brand awareness to generate goodwill. It contain five points such as use right tools, educate partners, maintain relationships, offer funds and track performance. Persuade your audience using this Partner Relation Management Marketing Best Practices Ppt PowerPoint Presentation File Infographic Template PDF. This PPT design covers five stages, thus making it a great tool to use. It also caters to a variety of topics including Maintain Partner Relationships, Consider Market Development Funds, Track And Evaluate Performance. Download this PPT design now to present a convincing pitch that not only emphasizes the topic but also showcases your presentation skills.

The following slide provides information regarding strategies to control marketing department overspending which are outsourcing work to digital marketing agency and hiring a marketing specialist. The also provides details of the business advantage offered by each strategy. Explore a selection of the finest Expenses Management Plan Strategies To Control Marketing Department Overspending Themes PDF here. With a plethora of professionally designed and pre-made slide templates, you can quickly and easily find the right one for your upcoming presentation. You can use our Expenses Management Plan Strategies To Control Marketing Department Overspending Themes PDF to effectively convey your message to a wider audience. Slidegeeks has done a lot of research before preparing these presentation templates. The content can be personalized and the slides are highly editable. Grab templates today from Slidegeeks.